Adopting a pet? Here's what to consider

Pets offer not only friendship and comfort, but health benefits. According to the CDC, pet parenthood lowers blood pressure, lowers stress, and helps to combat loneliness. Many people with pets also see an increase in their own fitness and socialization. (Fun fact: Pets can even help with dating!)

In short, pets can work wonders for both your physical and mental health. Just as importantly, it provides a home for an animal in need. And often enough, that need is a desperate one.

But while adopting a pet is a noble pursuit, pet parenthood shouldn't be lightly. It's a major commitment that requires care, love, and patience – not to mention preparedness.

Do you have the proper space? Do you have the time? Is everyone in your family on board? How much can you afford to spend on a new pet?These are just a few questions you should ask before bringing home a furry friend. Let's dive in.

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Assessing your readiness

Choosing the right pet for your lifestyle involves more than just falling in love with a cute face; it's about finding a companion that fits seamlessly into your daily life.

Lifestyle compatibility

Do you want a dog to hike, bike, or jog with? Or maybe you prefer a cat who naps on your lap while you work from home. Taking inventory of things like hobbies, interests, family structure, and work schedule can help you gauge which pet will work best for you.

If you're single and you love going out, your needs may be different from those of someone with a family who spends weekends at home. If there's another pet in the home, that's another important lifestyle consideration.

You should consider every aspect of your living arrangement. For instance, young children may be knocked over by an energetic, large dog, and guinea pigs may be more ideal for apartment living since they don't require open space for play.

Here are a few more factors to consider:

• Time commitment and daily routines: Consider how much time you can dedicate to a pet each day. Dogs tend to need regular walks, training, and playtime, while cats require grooming and interaction. If your schedule is packed, low-maintenance pets like fish or reptiles might be a better fit for your routine.

• Activity levels and pet needs: Match your energy level with that of your potential pet. High-energy dogs need lots of exercise, which is perfect if you enjoy outdoor activities. If you prefer a more relaxed pace, consider a pet like a cat or a smaller animal that requires less physical activity, or at least a low-energy dog.

• Family considerations and allergies: Take into account the people living in your home. Families with children should choose pets known for their gentle nature. Check for allergies among family members; some pets are more hypoallergenic and may be suitable for those sensitive to pet dander.

Financial responsibility

There are annual vet vaccinations, a spay or neuter, monthly preventive medicines for heartworm and fleas, and other expenses like grooming, doggie daycare, and food to figure into your budget. Pets also need toys for stimulation and to prevent boredom, as well as items like beds, crates, litter, and leashes. These expenses can add up.

Initial adoption fees

When you first adopt a pet, there are often upfront costs such as adoption fees, vaccinations, and a spay or neuter surgery. These initial expenses can vary widely depending on whether you choose a pet from a shelter or a responsible breeder, but you'll need to budget for these one-time costs.

Ongoing costs: food, healthcare, grooming

Pets have recurring needs that will impact your budget. This includes monthly expenses for food, preventive meds, and grooming supplies or services. You might also need to budget for doggy daycare if your pet needs supervision while you're at work.

Emergency expenses and pet insurance

Pets can unexpectedly fall ill or suffer injuries, leading to potentially high veterinary bills for surgery or medication. Pet insurance is often worth it, as it help mitigate these costs. You'll need to consider the monthly premium as part of your overall pet budget.

Accounting for everything, pet ownership can cost over $2,500 per year. To help manage costs, some humane societies and veterinary clinics offer low-cost spay and neuter options, as well as medical services. They may also provide free or discounted pet food to help make pet ownership more accessible.

Long-term commitment

Research can help you make the right adoption decisions. Thoroughly exploring which pet is right for you can help you steer clear of rash or ill-informed decisions. That way, you're less likely to return your pet to the shelter or rehome them. It's estimated that anywhere between 7% to 20% of pets are returned to shelters within six months of adoption.

More often than not, this doesn’t happen because there’s something “wrong” with the pet but because the pet is wrong for the specific person who adopted them. This can be for a variety of reasons, including pet temperament and allergies, many of which could have been avoided with some upfront and careful consideration.

While it's easy to rush into taking the first cute pet home, it is better to wait and know the decision is well thought out. It's important to consider the age and (especially for dogs) the breed. For example, dogs like Huskies require a lot of exercise, whereas dogs like Pugs need very little.

Consider spaying or neutering

Spaying and neutering pets can have health benefits. One University of Georgia study found life expectancy was greater for neutered and spayed dogs. The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) supports the spaying and neutering of pets and believes it's part of responsible pet ownership.

Spaying and neutering also help to reduce pet overpopulation. And an unexpected pregnancy can result in surprise vet costs, plus the additional time and money it takes to care for newborn animals.

Vacations and going out will be harder

Depending on the pet you get, taking vacations and going out after work will require additional planning. You may need to research things like pet-friendly hotels.

Of course, vacations will still be possible, even if you're not taking your pet with you. But dogs require walks and companionship. Cats, fish, or rodents, though much more independent, need fresh food and water. If your pet stays home, you'll need someone to care for them while you’re away. The same may be true for days when you work long hours, go out to dinner, or hit the gym.

Daycare and boarding are options for dogs and cats, but it can be expensive and should be figured into your monthly or annual pet budget.

Choosing the right pet

As we've explored, choosing the right pet is a big decision that involves careful consideration of your lifestyle, preferences, and the specific needs of different types of animals.

Here’s a deeper dive into how you can navigate the process:

Type of pet

There are many types of pets to choose from, each with unique characteristics and care requirements. Here's a look at the pros and cons of some popular options:

• Dogs: Dogs are legendary for their loyalty and companionship. They can be great exercise partners and even offer protection. However, they require regular training, exercise, and socialization. Dogs may also have higher maintenance costs than other pets due to grooming and healthcare needs

• Cats: Cats are independent and require less attention than dogs, making them ideal for busy individuals or those with smaller living spaces. They're also generally low maintenance and can be left alone for longer periods. However, they still need regular vet visits and mental stimulation​.

• Small mammals: Pets like hamsters, guinea pigs, and rabbits are great for families with limited space. They're generally low-cost and easy to care for but can be more delicate and require specific dietary and environmental needs​​.

• Reptiles: Reptiles like snakes and lizards can be fascinating pets for those interested in unique species. They require specific habitats and climates, which can be costly to maintain. But they're usually low-maintenance once their environment is set up​.

• Birds: Birds can be social and interactive pets, offering companionship and the joy of learning to communicate with them. However, they require significant mental stimulation, a clean environment, and social interaction.

• Fish: Fish are relatively low-maintenance and can be calming to watch. However, maintaining a proper aquarium setup can be time-consuming and requires regular cleaning.

Assessing your preferences and lifestyle fit

Before you choose a pet, assess your preferences and lifestyle to find a good fit. Consider factors like:

• Time commitment: Some pets require more daily interaction and care than others. Make sure you can dedicate enough time to your chosen pet.

• Space availability: Consider the space your pet will need to thrive. Larger pets or those with high energy levels need more room to move and play.

• Allergies: Be mindful of any allergies in your household that could be triggered by pet hair or dander

Breed and size

When you're considering a specific type of pet, always think about their breed and size.

• Characteristics of different breeds: Each breed has distinct characteristics and care needs. Research breeds that match your lifestyle, whether you prefer a playful, energetic dog or a calm, affectionate cat.

• Size and space considerations: Larger pets need more space, both indoors and outdoors. Make sure your home and yard can accommodate their needs​.

• Energy levels and temperament: Match your pet’s energy level with your own. Active people might enjoy high-energy dogs, while those seeking relaxation might prefer a laid-back cat.

Your pet's age

Consider the age of the pet you’re interested in adopting:

• Puppies/kittens vs. adult pets: Young animals are adorable and can be trained from an early age, but they require more time and patience. Adult pets may already be trained and have established temperaments, making them easier to integrate into your home.

• Senior pets: benefits and considerations: Senior pets can be wonderful companions and often require less training. They may need more medical care but can offer a calmer presence in your home.

• Special needs pets: Pets with special needs can be incredibly rewarding to care for, though they require a bit more attention and may have specific health or dietary needs.

Remember, adopting a pet is a long-term commitment that you should approach thoughtfully. Make sure both you and your new furry, feathered, or scaly friend are happy together.

Preparing your home

Taking the time to pet-proof your home can help prevent accidents and create a stress-free environment for your new furry family member.

Creating a safe environment

In the months leading up to bringing a baby home or before a toddler begins walking, parents child-proof their home, outfitting cabinets with locks and moving hazards out of the way. You'll need to do something similar for your new pet.

Pet-proofing your home

Dog-proofing or cat-proofing your home means sure your space is safe and secure. Start by identifying potential hazards and making necessary adjustments. This might include securing cabinets with locks, moving breakable items to higher shelves, and ensuring there are no accessible hanging wires that curious pets might chew on.

Be vigilant about the potential dangers posed by everyday household items. Many common foods and medications, such as gum, elastics, and ibuprofen, can be harmful to pets if ingested.

Designating pet-friendly areas

Creating specific areas in your home where your pet can roam freely is important for their comfort and safety. Consider using pet gates to restrict access to certain parts of your home, especially areas with fragile items or hazards. Designate a cozy space for your pet with their bed, toys, and water to help them feel secure and at home.

If you have outdoor areas, ensure your yard is free from harmful plants and chemicals. Both cats and dogs can have lethal reactions to certain plants, so you should research and remove any dangerous flora.

Essential supplies and equipment

Equipping your home with the right supplies is key to ensuring a smooth transition for your new pet. Stock up on essentials like food and water bowls, a comfortable bed, and appropriate grooming tools. For dogs, make you have a sturdy leash and collar, while cats will benefit from a scratching post, litter box, and exercise equipment like cat trees.

Setting up for comfort

Safety is paramount, but comfort is nothing to sniff at. If your pets feel good in their new surroundings, they're much more likely to settle in nicely. If you're eager to create a cozy and welcoming environment for your new furry friend, don't skimp on the essentials. For instance:

• Bedding, toys, and enrichment: Choose a comfortable bed for your pet that suits their size and sleeping habits. Providing a variety of toys can help stave off boredom. Interactive toys and puzzles are great for keeping pets engaged and entertained​.

• Feeding and watering stations: Designate a specific area in your home for feeding and watering stations. Use sturdy bowls to prevent tipping and keep them clean to avoid attracting pests. Consider using a mat under the bowls to catch spills and make cleaning easier​.

• Safe and cozy spaces: Create a safe and cozy space where your pet can retreat for rest and relaxation. This could be a corner of a room with a pet bed and blankets. Make sure the area is quiet and away from high-traffic zones to provide a sense of security.

Establishing routines

Pets need consistency. Establishing a routine can help your pet adjust to their new environment–and thrive. Before you ever take your pet home, here are some things you should be thinking about:

• Feeding schedules: Consistency is key when it comes to feeding your pet. Establish a regular feeding schedule to help with digestion and reduce anxiety. Monitor your pet’s food intake and adjust portions as needed to maintain a healthy weight​.

• Exercise and playtime routines: Regular exercise is essential for your pet’s physical and mental health. Schedule daily playtime and walks to keep them active and happy. Tailor the activities to your pet's energy level and preferences to make sure they’re enjoyable​.

• Training and socialization: Start training your pet early to establish good behavior. Use positive reinforcement techniques and be patient and consistent. Socialization with other animals and people is important for developing confidence and preventing behavioral issues​.

Bringing your pet home

Bringing your new pet home marks the beginning of your journey together. Here are a couple tips to make the transition smooth:

• Initial introduction: Allow your pet to explore their new home at their own pace. Keep initial interactions calm and positive, offering treats and gentle encouragement to help them feel safe and welcome.

• Establish a routine quickly: We already mentioned the importance of routines–and you should get to work establishing one immediately. As soon as you bring your pet home, start providing structure and predictability. Consistent feeding times, walks, and play sessions will help your pet adjust to their new environment.

• Provide a quiet space: Again, you should give your pet a quiet area where they can retreat if they feel overwhelmed. This safe space can be a cozy bed or a secluded corner where they can relax and observe their surroundings at their own pace​.

Ongoing care and training

Keeping your pet healthy and happy means staying on top of their physical and emotional needs. Here’s how you can make sure they’re living their best life.

Healthcare and nutrition

Keeping your pet healthy is all about staying on top of their healthcare and nutrition needs. Here's how to keep your furry friend in tip-top shape:

Regular vet visits and preventive care

Taking your pet to the vet regularly is super important for keeping them healthy. Plan on scheduling those annual check-ups to see how they’re doing, update any vaccinations, and chat with your vet about any concerns you might have. Don’t forget about preventive care like flea and tick treatments, heartworm prevention, and keeping those teeth clean—these help catch problems before they get serious​​.

Choosing the right diet

Feeding your pet the right diet helps them grow strong and stay healthy. Talk to your vet about what kind of food is best for your pet’s age, size, and breed. Whether you go for store-bought pet food or homemade meals, make sure it’s balanced and nutritious. Always keep fresh water available, and steer clear of toxic foods like chocolate or grapes​.

Monitoring for health issues

Keep an eye on your pet for any signs they might not be feeling well. If you notice changes in their behavior, appetite, or energy levels, it might be time to visit the vet. Catching health issues in dogs and cats early can help prevent a more serious condition from arising.

Training and behavior

Training requires time and commitment–and it's the key to a happy and well-behaved pet.

Basic obedience training

Basic obedience training is essential for teaching your pet good manners and commands like sit, stay, and come. This foundational training helps build a strong bond between you and your pet and makes everyday interactions more manageable and enjoyable.

Socialization with other pets and people

Socialization helps your pet become comfortable around other animals and people. Exposing them to various environments and experiences can reduce anxiety and prevent behavioral issues, making them more adaptable and friendly in social settings.

Handling common behavior problems

Training an adopted dog sometimes carries some special challenges. Addressing common behavior problems like barking, biting, and chewing requires patience and consistency. Understanding the root cause of these behaviors and using positive reinforcement techniques can help correct them.

Be prepared for the reality, not the fantasy

Many would-be adopters tend to envision easy-to-manage pets, serenely riding in the back of the car during downtown adventures. Instead, they may wind up adopting a cat who likes to sit on the opposite end of the couch or a dog who gets car sick.

It's important to remember that owning a pet may not live up to the fantasy. Pets, just like people, each come with their own distinct personalities. The reality is, your pet may be different than the one you dreamed of. But that doesn’t mean they can’t be the perfect pet for you! Sometimes reality is better than fantasy.

When you’re thinking about adopting a pet, it’s all about finding the right fit for your lifestyle, space, and budget. Make sure you're ready for the real deal of pet care, like regular vet visits and making sure they eat well.

Patience is your best friend when it comes to tackling any challenges and building a strong bond with your furry buddy. Pets bring so much joy, love, and even health perks. By embracing their unique personality, you’re setting yourself up for a rewarding relationship.

The importance of pet insurance

Pet insurance is a smart way to protect yourself from unexpected veterinary expenses

and make sure your furry friend gets the care they need—without breaking the bank. Just like we prepare our homes and routines to keep our pets safe and happy, having insurance adds an extra layer of security and peace of mind.